概念感知的独特性处理说明图片的识别记忆优于环境声音。

IF 1.5 3区 心理学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-17 DOI:10.1177/17470218231202986
Fahad N Ahmad, Savannah Tremblay, Michael D Karkuszewski, Marium Alvi, William E Hockley
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究人员提出了一种更粗糙或基于要点的声音表示,而从长期记忆中检索出一种更逐字逐句的表示,以提高图片的识别性能。这项研究考察了图片识别优势的机制。在实验1A中,在研究阶段,图片和声音在单独的试验中以混合列表的形式呈现,参与者在是-否测试中显示,与声音相比,目标的正确反应比例更高,与目标明确相关的示例箔,以及图片的新箔。在实验1B中,在新颖和示例箔条件下的两种可选强制选择测试中复制了图片识别优势。对于实验2A,即使在研究阶段为声音提供了语言标签(即书面标签),对于目标和示例箔,也显示出对图片的识别优势。实验2B表明,在研究和测试阶段,声音的书面标签的存在并没有消除识别图片在正确拒绝样本箔方面的优势。最后,在另外两个实验中,我们检验了图片和声音的相似程度是否可以解释图片的识别优势。在示例测试条件下,图片的平均相似度高于声音的平均相似度,而在新的测试条件下声音的平均相似性高于图片。这些结果对某些版本的图片优势效应的独特性解释提出了挑战。我们提出了一个概念感知的独特性处理帐户的识别记忆的图片和声音。
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A conceptual-perceptual distinctiveness processing account of the superior recognition memory of pictures over environmental sounds.

Researchers have proposed a coarser or gist-based representation for sounds, whereas a more verbatim-based representation is retrieved from long-term memory to account for higher recognition performance for pictures. This study examined the mechanism for the recognition advantage for pictures. In Experiment 1A, pictures and sounds were presented in separate trials in a mixed list during the study phase and participants showed in a yes-no test, a higher proportion of correct responses for targets, exemplar foils categorically related to the target, and novel foils for pictures compared with sounds. In Experiment 1B, the picture recognition advantage was replicated in a two-alternative forced-choice test for the novel and exemplar foil conditions. For Experiment 2A, even when verbal labels (i.e., written labels) were presented for sounds during the study phase, a recognition advantage for pictures was shown for both targets and exemplar foils. Experiment 2B showed that the presence of written labels for sounds, during both the study and test phases did not eliminate the advantage of recognition of pictures in terms of correct rejection of exemplar foils. Finally, in two additional experiments, we examined whether the degree of similarity within pictures and sounds could account for the recognition advantage of pictures. The mean similarity rating for pictures was higher than the mean similarity rating for sounds in the exemplar test condition, whereas mean similarity rating for sounds was higher than pictures in the novel test condition. These results pose a challenge for some versions of distinctiveness accounts of the picture superiority effect. We propose a conceptual-perceptual distinctiveness processing account of recognition memory for pictures and sounds.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
5.90%
发文量
178
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Promoting the interests of scientific psychology and its researchers, QJEP, the journal of the Experimental Psychology Society, is a leading journal with a long-standing tradition of publishing cutting-edge research. Several articles have become classic papers in the fields of attention, perception, learning, memory, language, and reasoning. The journal publishes original articles on any topic within the field of experimental psychology (including comparative research). These include substantial experimental reports, review papers, rapid communications (reporting novel techniques or ground breaking results), comments (on articles previously published in QJEP or on issues of general interest to experimental psychologists), and book reviews. Experimental results are welcomed from all relevant techniques, including behavioural testing, brain imaging and computational modelling. QJEP offers a competitive publication time-scale. Accepted Rapid Communications have priority in the publication cycle and usually appear in print within three months. We aim to publish all accepted (but uncorrected) articles online within seven days. Our Latest Articles page offers immediate publication of articles upon reaching their final form. The journal offers an open access option called Open Select, enabling authors to meet funder requirements to make their article free to read online for all in perpetuity. Authors also benefit from a broad and diverse subscription base that delivers the journal contents to a world-wide readership. Together these features ensure that the journal offers authors the opportunity to raise the visibility of their work to a global audience.
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