研究在COVID-19大流行之前,期间和之后医疗工作者失业的种族差异。

IF 1.6 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.17294/2330-0698.2021
Jason Semprini
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在美国医疗保健工作者中,2019冠状病毒病大流行似乎对2020年的就业水平产生了重大影响。然而,没有一项研究审查大流行病对就业的影响如何因种族/族裔群体而异,或在最初的紧急年份之后。我们的研究旨在定量评估COVID-19大流行之前、期间和之后按种族/民族划分的劳动力趋势。本研究分析了5年(2018-2022年)期间《当前人口调查》每年3月份的增刊。我们将样本限制为护士、医师助理和其他非医师卫生保健工作者(HCW),根据特定的人口普查职业代码,并构建了一项事件历史研究,以测试与2019年相比,每年对非西班牙裔白人、非西班牙裔黑人、西班牙裔、非西班牙裔原住民(美洲印第安人、阿拉斯加原住民、夏威夷岛民)和非西班牙裔亚裔卫生保健工作者就业比例的差异影响。结果表明,大流行对卫生保健人力的负面影响不成比例地减少了自认为是黑人或土著的HCW的就业。其他群体的发病率在2020年上升了2-3个百分点,但到2022年恢复到大流行前的水平。然而,对于黑人和土著HCW来说,这一变化在2021年是其两倍,在2022年黑人HCW的变化仍然高得多,这提供了更多证据,证明COVID-19大流行的负担不成比例地落在了有色人种身上。未来的研究将调查就业中断如何影响卫生保健工作人员,并可能影响卫生公平。
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Examining Racial Disparities in Unemployment Among Health Care Workers Before, During, and After the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Among the U.S. health care workforce, the COVID-19 pandemic appeared to greatly impact employment levels in 2020. However, no research has examined how the pandemic's impact on employment varied by racial/ethnic group or beyond the initial emergency year. Our study aimed to quantitatively evaluate workforce trends by race/ethnicity before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzed each March supplement of the Current Population Survey over a 5-year span (2018-2022). We restricted the sample to nurses, physician assistants, and other non-physician health care workers (HCW), per specific census occupation codes, and constructed an event-history study to test for differential effects from each year, as compared to 2019, on the proportion of employment between non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, non-Hispanic Native (American Indian, Alaska Native, Hawaiian Islander), and non-Hispanic Asian HCW. Results suggest that the pandemic's negative impact on the health care workforce disproportionately reduced employment for HCW self-identifying as Black or Indigenous. Rates for other groups increased 2-3 percentage points in 2020 but returned to prepandemic levels by 2022. However, for Black and Native HCW, the change was twice as large in 2021 and remained significantly higher in 2022 for Black HCW, providing more evidence that the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately fell on people of color. Future research investigating how employment disruptions impacted the health care workforce and, potentially, health equity remains warranted.

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来源期刊
Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews
Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES-
自引率
5.90%
发文量
35
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊最新文献
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