Preconception health optimization in women with polycystic ovary syndrome - how to find the time?

Purpose of review: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among reproductive-age women, the most common cause of infertility among women and a major contributor to pregnancy complications.

Recent findings: Diagnostic and associated features of PCOS, including hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and obesity, contribute to the 2-4-fold increased risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and preterm birth observed among pregnant women with PCOS. PCOS should be diagnosed according to the 2018 International Guideline. Screening for and optimizing management of hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance and obesity in the preconception window in women with PCOS provides an opportunity to increase the odds of a spontaneous pregnancy, live birth with fertility treatment and possibly reduce the risk of pregnancy complications.

Summary: Providers should prioritize individualizing recommendations for preconception health optimization in women with PCOS in order to maximize the chance of conception, a healthy pregnancy and the health of future generations.