肿瘤来源的细胞外囊泡:肿瘤微环境中的多功能实体。

James W Clancy, Crislyn D'Souza-Schorey
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引用次数: 14

摘要

肿瘤细胞释放的细胞外囊泡(EVs)可以作为肿瘤微环境中细胞间通讯的介质。除了非编码RNA、其他RNA类型和双链DNA片段外,电动汽车还含有大量生物活性货物,包括膜蛋白、细胞质蛋白和核蛋白。这些脱落囊泡可以储存旁分泌信息,也可以被基质细胞吸收,导致受体细胞经历表型变化,深刻影响癌症进展的各个方面。例如,这种独特形式的细胞串扰有助于调节转移前生态位,促进免疫反应的逃避,并促进侵袭和转移活性。这些发现,再加上肿瘤产生的EVs的数量和含量可以根据其肿瘤起源、疾病分期或对治疗的反应而变化,提出了EVs可用于风险分层、诊断甚至预后的令人兴奋的可能性。我们总结了最近的发展和目前对EV货物的了解,它们对疾病进展的影响,以及基于EV的液体活检作为肿瘤生物标志物的实施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Multifunctional Entities in the Tumor Microenvironment.

Tumor cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can function as mediators of intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment. EVs contain a host of bioactive cargo, including membrane, cytosolic, and nuclear proteins, in addition to noncoding RNAs, other RNA types, and double-stranded DNA fragments. These shed vesicles may deposit paracrine information and can also be taken up by stromal cells, causing the recipient cells to undergo phenotypic changes that profoundly impact diverse facets of cancer progression. For example, this unique form of cellular cross talk helps condition the premetastatic niche, facilitates evasion of the immune response, and promotes invasive and metastatic activity. These findings, coupled with those demonstrating that the number and content of EVs produced by tumors can vary depending on their tumor of origin, disease stage, or response to therapy, have raised the exciting possibility that EVs can be used for risk stratification, diagnostic, and even prognostic purposes. We summarize recent developments and the current knowledge of EV cargoes, their impact on disease progression, and implementation of EV-based liquid biopsies as tumor biomarkers.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
62.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
40
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease is a scholarly journal that has been published since 2006. Its primary focus is to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in our knowledge of the causes and development of significant human diseases. The journal places particular emphasis on exploring the current and evolving concepts of disease pathogenesis, as well as the molecular genetic and morphological changes associated with various diseases. Additionally, the journal addresses the clinical significance of these findings. In order to increase accessibility and promote the broad dissemination of research, the current volume of the journal has transitioned from a gated subscription model to an open access format. This change has been made possible through the Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program, which allows all articles published in this volume to be freely accessible to readers. As part of this transition, all articles in the journal are published under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which encourages open sharing and use of the research.
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