沿复杂古地形的海相分异:以下奥地利中新世(塞拉瓦里亚)为例。

IF 1.8 2区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Swiss Journal of Geosciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1186/s00015-022-00425-w
Werner E Piller, Gerald Auer, Hugo Graber, Martin Gross
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在Bad Deutsch-Altenburg地区(Hainburg山脉,下奥地利),在多瑙河发电厂“Hainburg”工程的过程中,发现了中生代基底的中中新世海侵。中生代基底形成一条狭窄的山脊,向东北方向向维也纳盆地倾斜,被各种中新世沉积物覆盖。山脊代表了一种特殊的古地形,需要在0.5平方公里的面积上用78个浅的、完全取心的钻孔进行详细的研究。根据沉积成分和相对于中生代脊的位置,选择了10个钻井进行研究。对这10个岩心进行了沉积学、珊瑚藻、钙质纳米浮游生物、有孔虫和介形虫等方面的研究,重建了沉积分布和古环境。沉积物分布清楚地表明,中生代脊形成了一个物理屏障,在脊的西南方向以硅塑料为主,在东北方向以碳酸盐沉积为主。根据生物地层学(钙质纳米浮游生物、有孔虫、介形虫、鞭毛虫),大部分沉积物可追溯到晚巴登世(早塞拉瓦世),仅在部分钻孔中发现了下萨尔马提亚(上塞拉瓦世)沉积物。层序地层学上,巴登期沉积代表三级层序tb2.5的海侵和高水位体系域(受低水位Ser 2和Ser 3约束),下萨尔马西亚沉积可与层序tb2.6相对应。碳酸盐沉积有13种相,谱谱较宽,以珊瑚藻为主。根据钻孔的相对位置,可以重建0 ~ 50 m之间的水深,并支持底栖生物的发生。这一生物群表明,沉积演替从一开始就是在完全海洋条件下开始的。除基岩砾岩/角砾岩外,水能条件较低,浊度较高。在靠近萨尔马提亚边界的地方,盐度和深度可能发生了减少,这在萨尔马提亚沉积物中也可以观察到。碳酸盐沉积物,特别是较大的底栖有孔虫,表明研究剖面的巴登世晚期处于热带到暖温带的环境。中生代脊向西北方向的硅质碎屑沉积物反映了河流的输入,淡水介形类和特征卵虫的出现表明了河流的输入。钙质纳米浮游生物和鞭毛藻在上白垩统和古近系沉积物中表现出较高的改造比例。补充信息:在线版本包含补充信息,获取地址:10.1186/s00015-022-00425-w。
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Marine facies differentiation along complex paleotopography: an example from the Middle Miocene (Serravallian) of Lower Austria.

In the area of Bad Deutsch-Altenburg (Hainburg Mountains, Lower Austria) a Middle Miocene transgression over Mesozoic basement was explored in the course of the Danube power plant project "Hainburg". The Mesozoic basement forms a narrow ridge dipping to the northeast towards the Vienna Basin, covered by various Miocene sediments. The ridge represents a specific paleotopography that required a detailed study with 78 shallow, fully cored drill holes in an area of c. 0.5 km2. Ten drillings were selected for this study based on sedimentary composition and position relative to the Mesozoic ridge. These 10 cores, ranging in drilling depth from 26.5 to 96.4 m, were studied in respect to sedimentology, corallinacean algae, calcareous nannoplankton, foraminifers and ostracodes to reconstruct sediment distribution and paleoenvironment. Sediment distribution clearly shows that the Mesozoic ridge formed a physical barrier with siliciclastics dominating in the SW of the ridge and carbonate sediments prevailing in the NE. Based on biostratigraphy (calcareous nannoplankton, foraminifera, ostracodes, dinoflagellates) the majority of the sediments can be dated to the late Badenian (early Serravallian) only in some drillholes lower Sarmatian (upper Serravallian) sediments were detected. In terms of sequence stratigraphy, the Badenian sediments represent the transgressive and highstand systems tract of 3rd order sequence TB 2.5 (bound by the lowstands Ser 2 and Ser 3), the lower Sarmatian sediments can be correlated to sequence TB 2.6. Carbonate sediments show a wide spectrum of 13 facies which are mostly dominated by coralline algae. According to the relative positions of the drill holes a water depth between 0 and about 50 m can be reconstructed what is supported by the occurrence of the benthic biota. This biota indicates that the sedimentary succession started from the very beginning under full marine conditions. Except of basal conglomerates/breccias water energy conditions were low and turbidity high. Close to the Sarmatian boundary a reduction in salinity and depth may have occurred which is also observed in the Sarmatian sediments. Carbonate sediments and, in particular, larger benthic foraminifers indicate tropical to warm-temperate conditions for the late Badenian of the studied sections. The siliciclastic sediments NW of the Mesozoic ridge reflect riverine input indicated by the occurrence of freshwater ostracodes and characean oogonias. Calcareous nannoplankton and dinoflagellates show a high share of reworking from Upper Cretaceaous and Paleogene sediments.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s00015-022-00425-w.

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来源期刊
Swiss Journal of Geosciences
Swiss Journal of Geosciences 地学-地质学
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
12.90%
发文量
21
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Swiss Journal of Geosciences publishes original research and review articles, with a particular focus on the evolution of the Tethys realm and the Alpine/Himalayan orogen. By consolidating the former Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae and Swiss Bulletin of Mineralogy and Petrology, this international journal covers all disciplines of the solid Earth Sciences, including their practical applications. The journal gives preference to articles that are of wide interest to the international research community, while at the same time recognising the importance of documenting high-quality geoscientific data in a regional context, including the occasional publication of maps.
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