Inter-transverse process blocks: caution about difference in methods.

published case report that described three cases wherein a bolus inter-transverse process block (ITPB) plus a continuous erector spinae plane block was provided for pain relief during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery [1]. I greatly appreciate the authors for their innovative applications and excellent presentations of these cases. I wish to present my clarifications on the difference between the two blocks, namely the costotransverse foramen block (CTFB) and mid-point transverse process to pleura block (MTPB), that are collectively named “ITPB” as per the recent nomenclature. Yamamoto et al. [1] provided a CTFB for the first case. I am uncertain whether the description of this technique, as per Fig. 1 of Yamamoto et al. [1], is correct because the needle direction is from caudad to cephalad. This is in contrast to the original description by Nielsen et al. [2], wherein the needle trajectory was from cephalad to caudad, and the needle tip was placed at the neck of the rib attached to the cranial portion of the caudad transverse process for the local anesthetic injection. Furthermore, the needle tip was placed at the midpoint between the transverse process and pleura, as described by Yamamoto et al. [1], which is similar to the MTPB [3]. I believe that this confusion occurred because Yamamoto et al. [1] cited the study by Shibata et al. [4] as a reference for CTFB. Because of this change in the needle direction, it is also uncertain whether the description of the CTFB injection site, as per Fig. 3 of Yamamoto et al. [1], is correct. The CTFB injection site should be over the neck of the rib attached to the caudal transverse process, in accordance with the original description by Nielsen et al. [2], and not closer to the cranial transverse process. The site of the MTPB injection was described correctly in Fig. 3, although the ultrasound image describing the method of MTPB for cases 2 or 3, was not provided [1]. To conclude, many interfascial plane blocks have been Letter to the Editor Anesth Pain Med [Epub ahead of print] https://doi.org/10.17085/apm.23050 pISSN 1975-5171 • eISSN 2383-7977