Impact of Pharmacophobia and Pharmacophilia on Perception of Medication Use and Self-Medication Behaviors in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: Pharmacophilia and pharmacophobia have positive and negative effects on treatment outcomes. There exist lacune of information on these phenomena in middle east countries. Therefore the current study aimed to determine the pattern and predictors of Pharmacophilia and pharmacophobia in Saudi Arabia. The study further explored the impact of these phenomena on the perception of medication use and self-medication behaviours.

Experimental design: An online questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted during March-May 2021. Saudi residents aged 15 years or older were eligible for this study. Individuals' attitude towards medication was assessed using the Drug attitude inventory classification questionnaire, and the general belief of medication was assessed using the Beliefs about Medicine Questionnaire.

Observation: One-fifth (n = 101; 20%) and two-third (n = 338; 65%) participants were categorized as pharmacophobic and pharmacophilic, respectively. The mean BMQ score was not statistically significant between the pharmacophobic and pharmacophilic groups (mean difference = 0.314; p-value = 0.176). Males were more likely pharmacophilic than females [AOR: 0.34 (95% CI 0.17-0.69)]. Both groups showed nearly a similar pattern of self-medication behaviours.

Conclusion: There exist a good number of pharmacophobic and pharmacophilic among the Saudi population. A detailed understanding of the attitudes towards treatment among these groups is essential for enhancing treatment outcomes.