COVID-19 期间的知识、专长和科学建议:为后正常时代的 "邪恶 "问题寻求认识论正义。

IF 1.4 2区 哲学 Q1 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Social Epistemology Pub Date : 2022-10-10 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1080/02691728.2022.2103750
Maru Mormina
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在冠状病毒大流行期间,世界各国政府一直声称他们遵循的是科学。这就提出了一个问题,也是本文的核心问题,即什么知识和谁的知识是或应该被寻求的,哪些知识通过选择特定的框架和话语而被忽视,以及对制定和实施以证据为基础的政策来解决邪恶问题会产生什么后果。通过弗里克(Fricker)认识论不公正的视角,我提出了指导 COVID-19 应对措施的专业知识在认识论上的狭隘性问题,并认为要抵制单一的专业知识文化,就必须解决知识生产系统中的结构性不平等问题,以实现科学的社会和认识论基础的多元化。借鉴 "后常态科学"(PNS)理论,我认为,应对后 COVID 世界挑战所需的专业知识应更加多元化,避免群体思维,挑战公认的正统观念,并帮助我们扭转旧模式和僵化的路径依赖,因为这些模式和路径依赖往往忽视了那些被抛在后面的人们的生活现实和需求。要实现这一点,就必须在循证政策的实践中克服认识论上的不公正,拥抱认识论上的民主。
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Knowledge, Expertise and Science Advice During COVID-19: In Search of Epistemic Justice for the 'Wicked' Problems of Post-Normal Times.

A consistent claim from governments around the world during the Coronavirus pandemic has been that they were following the science. This raises the question, central to this paper, of what and whose knowledge is or should be sought, which is being side-lined through the choice of particular framings and discourses, and with what consequences for the creation and implementation of evidence-based policy to tackle wicked problems. Through the lens of Fricker's epistemic injustice, I problematise the expertise that has guided the COVID-19 response as epistemically narrow and argue that counteracting a monolithic culture of expertise requires tackling the structural inequalities in the systems of knowledge production to diversify the social and epistemological foundations of science. Drawing on Post-normal Science (PNS) theory, I suggest that the expertise needed to respond to the challenges of a post-COVID world is one that embraces greater pluralism, avoids groupthink, challenges the accepted orthodoxy and helps us revert old models and rigid path dependencies that so often neglect the lived realities and demands of those left behind. This can only be realised by overcoming epistemic injustice and embracing epistemic democracy in the practice of evidence-based policy.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
17.60%
发文量
60
期刊介绍: Social Epistemology provides a forum for philosophical and social scientific enquiry that incorporates the work of scholars from a variety of disciplines who share a concern with the production, assessment and validation of knowledge. The journal covers both empirical research into the origination and transmission of knowledge and normative considerations which arise as such research is implemented, serving as a guide for directing contemporary knowledge enterprises. Social Epistemology publishes "exchanges" which are the collective product of several contributors and take the form of critical syntheses, open peer commentaries interviews, applications, provocations, reviews and responses
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