SARS-CoV-2感染的免疫力:清晰还是神秘?全球大流行第三年的更广阔视野

IF 2.9 4区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI:10.1007/s00005-023-00673-0
Katarzyna Kapten, Krzysztof Orczyk, Elzbieta Smolewska
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引用次数: 2

摘要

世界各地的研究人员对严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2)及其机制进行了深入研究,希望找到有助于发现新的治疗方案或有效预防手段的答案。尽管如此,大流行对卫生保健和经济系统造成了巨大负担,但在过去两年多的时间里,问题似乎多于答案。2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)引发的免疫反应的性质和数量各不相同,从炎症系统的不可控激活,引起广泛的组织损伤,从而导致严重甚至致命的疾病,到大多数患者的轻度或无症状感染,导致当前大流行的不可预测性。该研究的目的是将有关SARS-CoV-2免疫反应的现有数据系统化,以便在现有的丰富知识中提供一些澄清。该综述包含了针对COVID-19的最重要免疫反应的简明和最新信息,包括先天免疫和适应性免疫的组成部分,并额外侧重于利用体液和细胞反应作为有效的诊断工具。此外,作者还讨论了SARS-CoV-2疫苗的知识现状及其对免疫缺陷病例的疗效。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Immunity in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Clarity or Mystery? A Broader Perspective in the Third Year of a Worldwide Pandemic

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its mechanisms have been thoroughly studied by researchers all over the world with the hope of finding answers that may aid the discovery of new treatment options or effective means of prevention. Still, over 2 years into the pandemic that is an immense burden on health care and economic systems, there seem to be more questions than answers. The character and multitude of immune responses elicited in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vary from uncontrollable activation of the inflammatory system, causing extensive tissue damage and consequently leading to severe or even fatal disease, to mild or asymptomatic infections in the majority of patients, resulting in the unpredictability of the current pandemic. The aim of the study was to systematize the available data regarding the immune response to SARS-CoV-2, to provide some clarification among the abundance of the knowledge available. The review contains concise and current information on the most significant immune reactions to COVID-19, including components of both innate and adaptive immunity, with an additional focus on utilizing humoral and cellular responses as effective diagnostic tools. Moreover, the authors discussed the present state of knowledge on SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and their efficacy in cases of immunodeficiency.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis (AITE), founded in 1953 by Ludwik Hirszfeld, is a bimonthly, multidisciplinary journal. It publishes reviews and full original papers dealing with immunology, experimental therapy, immunogenetics, transplantation, microbiology, immunochemistry and ethics in science.
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