统一'预防'原则?正当性与反思平衡。

Philosophia (Ramat-Gan, Israel) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-28 DOI:10.1007/s11406-022-00582-0
Tanja Rechnitzer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

预防原则(PP)是一项具有影响力的原则,用于在面临不确定但可能造成严重损害的情况下做出决策。然而,对于该原则的具体内涵却始终存在分歧。该原则有多种表述,与之相关的理念也可能相互冲突。到底有没有 "预防原则 "这回事?本文分析了统一论者和多元论者之间关于 "预防原则 "的争论,认为忽视理由问题阻碍了争论。本文介绍了反思平衡作为一种论证方法,并概述了如何运用这种方法来论证预防原则。
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Unifying 'the' Precautionary Principle? Justification and Reflective Equilibrium.

The precautionary principle (PP) is an influential principle for making decisions when facing uncertain, but potentially severe, harm. However, there is a persistent disagreement about what the principle entails, exactly. It exists in a multitude of formulations and has potentially conflicting ideas associated with it. Is there even such a thing as 'the precautionary principle'? This paper analyses the debate between unificationists and pluralists about 'the PP', arguing that the debate is hindered by neglecting the question of justification. It introduces reflective equilibrium as a method of justification, and sketches how it could be applied to justify a PP.

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