评估松树和马齿苋生物炭对商用肉鸡粪便中大肠杆菌、需氧细菌总数和细菌群落的影响。

IF 1.3 4区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Avian Diseases Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI:10.1637/aviandiseases-D-22-00056
Maryam K Mohammadi-Aragh, John E Linhoss, Christopher A Marty, Jeffrey D Evans, Joseph L Purswell, Bernardo Chaves-Cordoba, G Daniel Chesser, J Wesley Lowe
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大肠杆菌(E. coli)是家禽胃肠道中的一种共生菌,但有些菌株具有致病性,可引起多种疾病。此外,一些致病性大肠杆菌菌株可在禽群间的粪便中存活,因此粪便管理对减少大肠杆菌相关感染至关重要。生物炭(BC)是一种多孔的碳质材料,可作为一种有益的粪便改良剂来减少水分和微生物负荷。本研究的目的是评估松树生物炭、马齿苋生物炭和禽畜粪便处理剂(PLT)添加到使用过的肉鸡粪便中对大肠杆菌、需氧细菌总数和细菌群落的影响。将松树和马齿苋萃取物按 5%、10%、20%、25% 和 30% 的重量比混合到家禽粪便中。PLT 以 0.73 kg/m2 的比例进行表面施用。大肠杆菌和有氧菌基线是在 48 小时的垃圾培养期后和添加垃圾处理物之前测量的。在添加处理剂 2 天和 7 天后,对大肠杆菌和有氧菌进行计数。总体而言,松木 BC 含量为 30% 的大肠杆菌和需氧菌计数最低(分别为 5.98 和 6.44 log 10 菌落总数 [CFU]/g );但与对照组相比差异不大(P ≤ 0.05)。在第 2 天,与对照相比,30% 的松树 BC 含量处理导致大肠杆菌和需氧菌数量显著减少。在第 2 天或第 7 天,施用沼渣萃取物不会导致大肠杆菌或需氧细菌数量显著减少。PLT 的大肠杆菌(7.07 log 10 CFU/g)和需氧菌计数(7.21 log 10 CFU/g)总体最高。细菌群落分析表明,松树 BC 和 PLT 处理过的枯落物之间的α和β多样性存在显著差异。不过,与对照组相比,两种 BC 类型都不会对细菌多样性产生明显影响。不同萃取类型之间大肠杆菌和需氧菌计数的差异可能是由于原料理化性质的不同造成的。
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Evaluating the Effects of Pine and Miscanthus Biochar on Escherichia coli, Total Aerobic Bacteria, and Bacterial Communities in Commercial Broiler Litter.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a commensal bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract of poultry; however, some strains are pathogenic and can cause a wide range of diseases. In addition, some strains of pathogenic E. coli can survive in the litter between flocks, making litter management critical for reducing E. coli-associated infections. Biochar (BC) is a porous, carbonaceous material that may be a beneficial litter amendment to reduce moisture and microbial loads. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of pine BC, miscanthus BC, and Poultry Litter Treatment (PLT) on E. coli, total aerobic bacteria populations, and bacterial communities when added to used broiler litter. Pine and miscanthus BC were mixed into poultry litter at inclusion rates of 5%, 10%, 20%, 25%, and 30% w/w. PLT was surface applied at a rate of 0.73 kg/m2. Baseline E. coli and aerobics were measured after a 48-hr litter incubation period and just prior to adding litter treatments. Escherichia coli and aerobics were enumerated 2 and 7 days after adding treatments. Overall, pine BC at 30% had the lowest E. coli and aerobic counts (5.98 and 6.44 log 10 colony-forming units [CFU]/g, respectively); however, they were not significantly different from the control (P ≤ 0.05). At day 2, 30% pine BC inclusion rate treatment resulted in a significant reduction in E. coli and aerobic bacteria counts compared to the control. Miscanthus BC application did not result in significant reductions in E. coli or aerobic bacteria at days 2 or 7. PLT had the highest E. coli (7.07 log 10 CFU/g) and aerobic counts (7.21 log 10 CFU/g) overall. Bacterial community analysis revealed that the alpha and beta diversity between pine BC- and PLT-treated litter were significantly different. However, neither BC type significantly impacted bacterial diversity when compared to the control. Differences in E. coli and aerobic counts between BC types may be attributed to variations in feedstock physiochemical properties.

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来源期刊
Avian Diseases
Avian Diseases 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
7.10%
发文量
80
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Avian Diseases is an international journal dedicated to publishing original basic or clinical research of the highest quality from various disciplines including microbiology, immunology, pathology and epidemiology. Papers on avian diseases relevant to etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and control are accepted. Manuscripts dealing with avian species other than poultry will be considered only if the subject is relevant to poultry health.
期刊最新文献
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