CHAPTER 2. Biological Significance of the Nanoparticles Protein Corona

Upon contact with biological media, biomolecules adsorb onto a nanoparticle's surface forming a layer mainly composed of proteins, the so-called protein corona. The composition of this protein corona is unique for each nanoparticle and influenced by many parameters such as the nanoparticle's physicochemical properties and biological environmental factors. This dynamic structure constitutes the new interface with biological systems and consequently has a deep impact on the nanoparticle's biological fate and response. The parameters involved in the formation of this protein corona as well as the biological consequences of its presence on the nanoparticle's surface are the focus of this chapter.