A Flexible Framework for Runtime Monitoring of System-of-Systems Architectures

Many software systems today have system-of systems (SoS) architectures comprising interrelated and heterogeneous systems, which are developed by multiple teams and companies. Such systems emerge gradually and it is hard to analyze or predict their behavior due to their scale and complexity. In particular, certain behavior only emerges at runtime due to complex interactions between the involved systems and their environment. Monitoring the behavior of SoS at runtime is thus essential during development and evolution. However, existing monitoring approaches are often limited to particular architectural styles or technologies and are thus hard to apply in SoS architectures. In this paper we first analyze the challenges for monitoring SoS based on an industrial SoS for the automation of metallurgical plants. We then propose a flexible framework for monitoring heterogeneous systems within a SoS. We demonstrate its feasibility by applying it to two systems of an industrial SoS. We also report results of an evaluation assessing the framework's performance and scalability.