水体测量中二维和三维电阻率数据的反演

M. Loke, T. Dahlin, D. Rucker
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引用次数: 2

摘要

电阻率调查现在也在被水覆盖的地区进行。这些调查包括将电极放置在水底或由船拖曳的拖带上。由于水层对电阻率测量的影响很大,因此必须精确地模拟水层的影响。水的电阻率和到底深度通常是用电导率仪和测深仪独立测量的。有限元网格的上部用于模拟水层,包括水电阻率随深度的可能变化。我们展示了在斯德哥尔摩用电极在海底进行的二维测量的结果。反演得到的沉积物厚度与钻井结果吻合较好,在基岩中发现了可能存在的薄弱带。由于水流的原因,浮动电极的测量不能沿着直线进行,因此需要三维反演方法。以巴拿马运河调查为例,将19条亚平行线的数据整理成三维数据集。相反的模型显示了一个导电的底部,有风化的海洋沉积岩和一个古老河道的残余,里面充满了更多的电阻砂和砾石。
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The inversion of 2-D and 3-D resistivity data from surveys in aquatic areas
Resistivity surveys are now also carried in areas covered by water. The surveys involve electrodes planted on the water bottom or on a streamer towed by a boat. As the water layer has a large effect on resistivity measurements, its effect must be accurately modelled. The water resistivity and depth to the bottom are usually independently measured with a conductivity meter and depth sounder. The upper part of a finite-element grid is used to model the water layer, including possible variations in the water resistivity with depth. We show the results from a 2-D survey in Stockholm with electrodes planted on the sea bottom. The sediment thickness from the inverse model agrees well with drilling results and a possible weak zone in the bedrock was detected. Surveys with floating electrodes do not follow a straight line due to water currents and a 3-D inversion approach is required. An example is shown from a survey in the Panama Canal where the data from 19 sub-parallel lines are collated into a 3-D data set. The inverse model shows a conductive bottom with weathered marine sedimentary rocks and a remnant of an old river channel filled with more resistive sands and gravels.
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