Pseudo-conservative and Pseudo-democratic: Human oppression in Khaled Hosseini's A Thousand Splendid Suns

This paper is the study of the role of pseudo-ideologies in the repression of the Afghan individuals, whether they espouse different ideologies or ordinary people with moderate thought. During its modern history, Afghanistan has witnessed a constant struggle between the Communist and reactionary ideologies. Throughout the takeover of these ideologies to the power, the Afghan individual was oppressed and discriminated against because these political currents declared certain ideologies and applied different ones. Political struggle for power in Afghanistan and the suppression of the Afghan individuals by the dominant group is one of the most important topics that Hosseini noted in his novel, A Thousand Splendid Sun. Adorno's theory, the "authoritarian personality" was adopted primarily for an analysis of the socio-political aspects of the addressed novel. To achieve realistic results, the study focused on tracking the activities and violations of both Conservatives and Communists that were committed against individuals who did not belong to them to reveal the contradiction in their ideologies. The study adopts the socio-political framework to clarify the role of pseudo-ideologies in suppressing the individual rather than liberating him and guaranteeing his rights. Thus, this study examines the relationship between pseudo-ideologies and human repression.