月球岩土特性工程指南

J. Connolly, W. D. Carrier
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人类和机器人探测器重返月球表面的新兴趣表明,需要重新了解与月球表面着陆、探测、挖掘和建筑活动有关的月球岩土力学特性。本文总结了美国和俄罗斯/苏联着陆任务期间进行的测量以及对返回样品进行的实验,以建立基本的岩土力学特性,如粒径分布、颗粒形状、体积密度、剪切强度、内聚力和承载强度。虽然这些特性中的许多都是众所周知的,但它们如何随月球土壤深度的增加而变化却鲜为人知,而那些随深度而显著变化的特性则被进一步详细地探讨了。选定的例子讨论了机械开挖力、火箭排气侵蚀力以及发射/着陆平台表面的准备,目的是更好地了解月球土壤的岩土力学特性,这些特性适用于月球表面的大规模勘探,并指导未来勘探系统的设计。
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An Engineering Guide to Lunar Geotechnical Properties
The renewed interest in returning human and robotic explorers to the lunar surface has identified a need for a renewed understanding of lunar geotechnical properties related to landing, exploration, excavation, and construction activities on the lunar surface. This paper summarizes measurements conducted during US and Russian/Soviet landed missions as well as experiments performed on returned samples to establish fundamental geotechnical properties such as particle size distribution, particle shape, bulk density, shear strength, cohesion and bearing strength. While many of these properties are well known, how they vary with increased lunar soil depth is less understood, and those properties that vary significantly as a function of depth are explored in additional detail. Selected examples discuss mechanical excavation forces, rocket exhaust erosion forces, and the preparation of launch/landing pad surfaces, with the goal of a better understanding of lunar soil geotechnical properties that apply to large-scale exploration of the lunar surface and dictate the design of future exploration systems.
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