多层次贸易治理能否在没有宪法约束的情况下保护全球公共产品?

E. Petersmann
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引用次数: 0

摘要

法制史证实,通过“民主”和“共和宪政”保护公民及其民主和司法机构的宪法权利和补救措施,使政府对提供公共产品(pg)负责,公民的一般利益可以得到最有效的保护。然而,联合国(UN)、世界贸易组织(WTO)及其相关的多层次治理机构并没有有效地保护公民的普遍利益和相应的权利。政府间权力政治的法律、民主和司法问责不足导致——在欧洲多层次的“共同市场宪政”和“人权宪政”之外——许多治理机构未能有效地保护跨国pg。这一贡献解释了为什么——即使“全球民主”仍然是一个乌托邦——今天对“不可剥夺的”人权和相关宪法原则的普遍承认需要重新解释以权力为导向的“国际法”,将其解释为跨国pg的多层次治理,以造福公民及其宪法权利。
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Can Multilevel Trade Governance Protect Global Public Goods without Constitutional Restraints?
Legal history confirms that general interests of citizens can be protected most effectively through ‘democratic’ and ‘republican constitutionalism’ protecting constitutional rights and remedies of citizens and of their democratic and judicial institutions to hold governments accountable for providing public goods (PGs). Yet, the United Nations (UN), World Trade Organization (WTO), and related multilevel governance institutions do not effectively protect general interests and corresponding rights of citizens. The inadequate legal, democratic, and judicial accountability of intergovernmental power politics entails that – outside Europe’s multilevel ‘common market constitutionalism’ and ‘human rights constitutionalism’ – many governance institutions fail to protect transnational PGs effectively. This contribution explains why – even if ‘global democracy’ remains a utopia – today’s universal recognition of ‘inalienable’ human rights and of related constitutional principles requires re-interpreting the power-oriented ‘international law of states’ as multilevel governance of transnational PGs for the benefit of citizens and their constitutional rights.
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