中央银行和金融科技:一个美丽的新世界

Christine Lagarde
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引用次数: 51

摘要

伦敦金融城(City of London)和世界其他地方的银行家和政策制定者,不仅从中世纪以来如此,过去20年也是如此。但过去二十年的变化仅仅是个开始。让我们把大本钟的指针转到2040年,一窥我们不久的将来的世界。我们可能会看到:汽车已经消失了,因为人们在空中盘旋的无人机或“豆荚”中四处走动,它们在早高峰时段优雅地避开彼此。其中一辆车载着最近开始第二任期的央行行长。在到达针线街(英格兰银行所在地)之前,作为早上例行公事的一部分,她浏览了由数字助理策划的新闻视频全息图。总督下了船,走到有柱子的楼前,打开门,然后……她会在大楼里遇到谁?是否有经济学家坐在办公桌前或围坐在桌子旁讨论政策选择?还是有一台智能机器在做决策、设定利率、发行货币?换句话说,在下一代,金融科技将如何改变央行?这就是我今天讲话的重点。在这篇文章中,我想考虑三种创新的可能影响——虚拟货币、金融中介的新模式和人工智能。其中一些创新已经进入了我们的钱包、智能手机和金融系统。但这仅仅是个开始。中央银行和金融科技
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Central Banking and Fintech: A Brave New World
bankers and policymakers in the City of London and in the rest of the world, not only since the Middle Ages but in the past 20 years. But the changes of the past two decades are only the beginning. Let us spin the hands of Big Ben forward to 2040 to catch a glimpse of the world in our near future. We might see that: Cars have disappeared, because people are moving about in hovering drones, or “pods,” which elegantly avoid each other in the morning rush hour. One of those pods carries the central bank governor, who recently started her second term. As part of her morning routine, she swipes through a hologram of news videos curated by a digital assistant, before arriving at Threadneedle Street (the location of the Bank of England). The governor disembarks, walks up to the columned façade, opens the door and. . . Who will she encounter inside the building? Are there economists sitting at desks or debating policy choices around a table? Or is there an intelligent machine making decisions, setting rates, and issuing money? In other words, how will fintech change central banking over the next generation? That is the focus of my remarks today. In this essay, I would like to consider the possible impact of three innovations—virtual currencies, new models of financial intermediation, and artificial intelligence. Some of these innovations have already found their way into our wallets, smartphones, and financial systems. But that is only the beginning. CENTRAL BANKING AND FINTECH
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