埃塞俄比亚西沃勒加地区Gimbi地区的牛奶和奶制品加工、保存和利用

Amanuel A. Bekuma, T. Tadesse, L. Fita, U. Galmessa
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引用次数: 3

摘要

本研究在西沃勒加区Gimbi区进行,以了解牛奶和奶制品的传统处理、加工和利用。根据奶牛的所有权、牛奶加工、处理和利用实践选择了128个家庭。因此,三叶草(Lantana trifolia, Kusaayee)、三叶草(Ocimum sanctum, Basoobilaa)、非洲油橄榄(Olea Africana, Qoraasuma)和Deinboll (Dabaqqa)是该区最常见的清洁和熏烟植物。类似酸奶的发酵/酸乳、传统黄油、传统酥油、白干酪(Ayib)、酪乳和乳清是该地区生产的主要乳制品。妇女们将黄油与生姜(Jinjibila)、葱(Qulubbii adii)、茴香(Siqaqibee)和葫芦巴(Sunqoo)等香料混合保存。在每天生产的牛奶中,大部分是加工的(70.5%),8%是出售的,剩下的是在家庭内消费的(21.5%)。在生产的牛奶和奶制品中,只有黄油供应给当地市场。缺乏冷却设施;产奶量低;未改进的牛奶加工材料和对牛奶和奶制品处理和加工的有限知识是主要的制约因素。认识到牛奶和奶制品对生产家庭营养、健康和收入的重要性,需要采取发展干预措施,以促进生产,提高产品质量和传统牛奶加工设备的效率。
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Milk and milk products processing, preservation and utilization in Gimbi district, West Wollega zone, Ethiopia
This study was conducted in Gimbi district, West Wollega zone to understand the traditional handling, processing and utilization of milk and milk products. 128 households were selected based on ownership of dairy cows, milk processing, handling, and utilization practice. Accordingly, Lantana trifolia (Kusaayee), Ocimum sanctum (Basoobilaa), Olea Africana (Qoraasuma) and Deinboll (Dabaqqa) were the most commonly  cleaning and smoking plant species in the district. Yoghurt-like fermented/sour milk, traditional butter, traditional ghee, cottage cheese (Ayib), buttermilk and whey were the major milk products produced in the district. Women preserve butter by mixing with spices such as Zingiber officinale (Jinjibila), Allium sativum (Qulubbii adii), Ocimum (Siqaqibee) and Trigonella foenum (Sunqoo). Out of the total daily milk produced, most of it was processed (70.5%), 8% was sold while the left was consumed within the household (21.5%). Among milk and milk products produced, only butter was supplied to local markets. Lack of cooling facilities; low volume of milk production; unimproved milk processing materials and limited knowledge on handling and processing of milk and milk products were the major constraints. Recognizing the importance milk and milk products to the producing household nutrition, health and income, development interventions are required to boost production, improve the quality of the products and efficiency of the traditional milk processing equipment.
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