Randomize clinical trial of the effect of machined and rough surface of implant collar on crestal bone level and surrounding soft tissue

Statement of Problem: The importance of implant collar/neck in crestal bone area triggered the need to understand the influence of its design/surface topography on surrounding hard and soft tissues. Purpose: This study analyzed the effect of machined and rough surface of implant collar on bone level at crestal region and surrounding soft tissues in maxillary and mandibular anterior region. Materials and Methods: The clinical study was conducted on 20 participants (15 males and 5 females) based on the inclusion and exclusion parameters. Participants were broadly divided into two groups with 10 dental implants in Group R (implant with rough collar design) and Group M (implant with machined collar design). The participants were evaluated at baseline (within 1 week after implant placement), 3 months, and 6 months for crestal bone level and soft tissue parameters (pink esthetic score [PES]). Results: All implants showed clinically acceptable bone loss at interval of 6 months, i.e., 0.68 and 0.74 on mesial and distal aspect of R group implants, respectively, and 1.15 and 0.83 at mesial and distal aspect of R group implants, respectively. And also, the PES of all implants observed was above the clinical acceptability level, i.e., 6.15 and 6.05 for R and M groups implants, respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the present study that there is no significant difference statistically in bone level at crestal region and soft tissues parameters in two different implant collar designs used in the study although the loss of bone observed was higher in machined group in comparison to rough group of implants and the PES observed was also more in R group in comparison to M group.