Control strategy for extreme conditions regenerative braking of a hybrid energy storage system for an electric vehicle

This paper presents the regenerative braking design control and simulation of a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) for an electric vehicle (EV). The EV is driven by two 30 kW permanent magnet synchronous motors. The HESS contains a Li-Ion battery and an Ultra-Capacitor (UC) sources. In extreme braking conditions, the UC should be able to recover all the power delivered by the motors. When the maximal state of charge of the UC is achieved, the energy will be then recuperated by the battery. The introduction of a braking resistor would help the system to respect the voltage and current constraints and to protect the battery. This paper will validate the combination of the designed controllers ensuring the switching between the storage and dissipative elements while respecting the electrical constraints of the overall system, in particular for critical braking conditions. A Simulink model will be developed and validated.