Integrated full-waveform analysis of ground penetrating radar and electromagnetic induction data for non-invasive reconstruction of multilayered media

We present a new integrated method for full-waveform modeling of zero-offset, off-ground ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic induction (EMI) in multilayered media. For both GPR and EMI systems, a vector network analyser (VNA) is used as transmitter and receiver. The antennas and their interactions with the investigated medium are modeled in the frequency domain by means of a linear system of complex transfer functions. The air-subsurface is represented by a 3-D multilayered medium, for which Maxwell's equations are exactly solved. These approaches have been validated in laboratory conditions, demonstrating the high accuracy of the GPR and EMI models. The results show great promise for non-invasive reconstruction of multilayered media using GPR and EMI.