具有显著减少运动伪影的软性可穿戴电子产品的材料、方法和优化设计

W. Yeo, Nathan Rodeheaver
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摘要

可穿戴电子设备正在改变医疗保健,并增加人机界面的可能性。直接安装在皮肤上的软电子设备可以监测长期心率趋势或指导智能假肢的运动。然而,这些能力仅与获得的信号质量一样好。这些可穿戴设备是在现实世界中佩戴的,通常会出现以前在诊所或实验室等固定环境中测量时没有发现的运动伪影。运动伪影可以模仿许多生物信号,因为它们具有相似的幅度和频率范围,这使得它们很难被过滤掉。运动伪影的一个重要来源是传感器和信号源之间的相对运动。考虑到人体组织的弹性,大多数安装在身体上的传感器比类似的刚性机器承受更多的相对运动。在这里,这项工作介绍了材料,方法和优化设计的综合研究,可以通过应变隔离,增加附着力和增强长期记录的透气性来显着减少运动伪影。皮肤张力是运动伪影的另一个来源,它会干扰电极的接触阻抗,并暂时改变皮肤内的生物电势。我们提出了一种原型心电图(ECG)装置,该装置使用应变隔离层来减少电极处的皮肤应变。这种软硬材料的战略性整合通过稳定电极来减少运动伪像,同时允许在其他地方自由运动,以保持与皮肤的温和接触。这些解决方案用于长期ECG采集,但适用于任何皮肤安装的可穿戴设备。
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Materials, Methods, and Optimized Designs for Soft Wearable Electronics with Significantly Reduced Motion Artifacts
Wearable electronics are changing healthcare and increasing possibilities for human-machine interfaces. Soft electronics, directly mounted on the skin, can monitor long-term heart rate trends or direct smart prosthetics' motion. However, these capabilities are only as good as the signal quality obtained. These wearable devices are worn in the real world, often suffering from motion artifacts not previously found when measured in a stationary setting such as a clinic or laboratory. Motion artifacts can mimic many biosignals by having a similar amplitude and frequency range, making them hard to filter out. A significant source of motion artifacts is from relative motion between the sensor and the signal source. Given human tissue's elastic nature, most body-mounted sensors undergo more relative motion than on a comparable rigid machine. Here, this work introduces a comprehensive study of materials, methods, and optimized designs that can significantly reduce motion artifacts via strain isolation, increased adhesion, and enhanced breathability for long-term recordings. Skin strain is another source of motion artifacts that can disturb electrodes' contact impedance and temporarily change the biopotential within the skin. We present a prototype electrocardiogram (ECG) device that uses a strain isolating layer to reduce skin strain at the electrode. This strategic integration of soft and hard materials reduces motion artifacts by stabilizing the electrode, while allowing freedom of movement elsewhere to maintain gentle contact with the skin. These solutions are demonstrated for long-term ECG collection but have application for any skin-mounted wearable device.
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