Optimization of Foodstuffs for Patients with Hypertension Using the Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Method

Hypertension is when a person's blood pressure exceeds the reasonable limits determined by experts. A person who suffers from high blood pressure or hypertension risks developing non-communicable diseases that can endanger the sufferer's life, such as stroke and heart attack. One of the causes that can increase and worsen hypertension is an unhealthy lifestyle. Due to a lack of knowledge in regulating food composition, it is difficult for ordinary people to vary the composition of food in the next few days, which is usually done by simply avoiding foods ordered by doctors or experts. The Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) method was chosen because it can be used to solve the problem of optimizing optimal food composition. In addition, the IPSO method can also remember the worst position ever visited so that particles can pass through a bad position and always try a better position. Based on the research conducted, the IPSO method succeeded in producing recommendations for the composition of foods consumed by people with hypertension consisting of 3 portions, namely breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Breakfast and lunch contain staple foods, plant sources, animal sources, vegetables, fruits, or complementary foods. At the same time, dinner contains only staple foods, animal sources, plant sources, and vegetables. This research found that the iteration that can produce optimal results is 400 iterations and the most optimal particles are 10 particles. This happens because the price of food ingredients is included in the calculation.