在乌克兰和世界范围内,畜牧业育种成果作为知识产权和继承对象

I. Horislavska
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引用次数: 0

摘要

全球趋势现在集中在诸如气候变化、粮食安全、生物技术和基因工程的发展以及向非常规燃料的过渡等挑战上。在全球范围内推广它们的问题涉及到对自由农业潜力的需要,以及有效和统一的法律监管的可用性,首先是畜牧业育种成果关于育种者的知识产权,其终身和继承人的保护,因为动物品种专利是发明人无可争议的权利,这是一种法律垄断。专利的提供是由国家保证的,而专利保护在未经其所有者同意的情况下否定了商业用途。本研究的目的是分析乌克兰畜牧业育种成果的知识产权法律监管的某些问题,并通过实施全球经验提出改进建议。研究方法的选择考虑了目标和目的。在研究过程中,使用了哲学(解释学)、一般科学(逻辑、概括、行动学、建模、预测和书目)和特殊法律(形式法律、比较法律)的科学知识方法。本研究考察了畜牧业育种成果的现状,以及规范其建立、保护和纳入育种者继承财产的可能性的法律依据。对畜牧业养殖成果知识产权建立与实施的法律框架中存在的问题,提出了消除相关冲突的途径。本研究分析了处理育种者执法文件的国际经验和保护其权利的可能性。这些研究材料对律师、研究人员、从事畜牧业养殖的企业、教师、研究生、法学院学生、公务员以及所有对所研究的问题不漠不关心的人都很有用。
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BREEDING ACHIEVEMENT IN ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AS AN OBJECT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND AN OBJECT OF INHERITANCE IN UKRAINE AND THE WORLD
Global trends are now focused on such challenges as climate change, food security, the development of biotechnology and genetic engineering, and the transition to non-conventional fuels. The problems of promoting each of them in the global world are related to the need for free agricultural potential, the availability of effective and unified legal regulation, first of all, of breeding achievements in animal husbandry regarding the intellectual property rights of breeders, its protection both during life and for heirs, since a patent for an animal breed is an indisputable right of the inventor, which acts as a kind of legal monopoly, the provision of which is guaranteed by the state, and patent protection negates commercial use in the absence of the consent of its owner. The purpose of the study is to analyse certain issues of legal regulation of intellectual property rights to breeding achievements in animal husbandry in Ukraine and proposals for its improvement through the implementation of the global experience. The research methods were chosen considering the goals and objectives. During the research, philosophical (hermeneutical), general scientific (logical, generalisation, praxeological, modelling, predictive, and bibliographic), and special legal (formal-legal, comparative-legal) methods of scientific knowledge were used. The study examines the current state of breeding achievements in animal husbandry and the legal basis for regulating its establishment, protection, and the possibility of inclusion in the breeder's inherited property. Problematic issues in the legal framework for the establishment and implementation of intellectual property rights to breeding achievements in animal husbandry, ways to eliminate relevant conflicts are proposed. The study analyses the international experience in processing law enforcement documents for breeders and the possibility of protecting their rights. The research materials can be useful for lawyers-researchers, business entities engaged in breeding in animal husbandry, teachers, postgraduates, students of law schools, civil servants, and all those who are not indifferent to the issues under study.
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