Are we seeing the light at the end of the tunnel for high lipoprotein(a)? Lipoprotein(a)

Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) attests to be of interest as a new lipoprotein target. However, Lp(a) was discovered in 1963 and since then was recognized as a low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-like lipoprotein with a structurally similar domain to plasminogen. We are increasingly recognizing the importance of Lp(a) and cardiovascular pathologies including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, aortic valve stenosis, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. However, we neither have a standardized measurement method nor an appropriate agent to intervene with this old threat that we have recognized for more than 50 years. Herein, we present an up-to-date review of our knowledge about Lp(a) covering measurement methods, its associates, and summary of the currently available therapies and emerging therapeutic agents for the management of high Lp(a) in the light of recent evidence and guideline recommendations