撒哈拉以南非洲政府效能与生活条件的关系

M. A. Workneh, Z. S. Eshete
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摘要

利用非洲晴雨表数据库的两波面板数据,研究了撒哈拉以南非洲地区政府效率与生活条件之间的关系。在推理分析中,采用了探索性因子分析和多元相关分析,并对面板数据进行了有序概率估计。采用随机效应广义有序probit模型和自动拟合方法,分析了因变量(自评生活条件)对异质性问题的脆弱性。这项研究发现,政府在提供基本需求和基本安全方面的无能,以及在处理个人日常生活中面临的关键经济问题方面的无能,恶化了撒哈拉以南非洲地区个人的生活状况。这一结果令人信服地证明了撒哈拉以南非洲各国政府的无能,这些政府的主要特点是官僚主义、不民主、不负责任、充满暴力和放荡,因此使其公民的生活不安全和贫乏。研究结果还表明,与不识字的人相比,识字的人生活状况良好的可能性越大。因此,这些政府应该把重点放在他们的政策和实施上,这有助于通过提供基本需求和基本安全来改善个人的生活条件,并更好地处理经济问题,包括失业、获得基本服务、基础设施和收入不平等。
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Nexus between Government Effectiveness and Living Condition in Sub-Saharan Africa
A two wave panel data from Afro-barometer database is used to examine the nexus between government effectiveness and living condition in Sub-Saharan Africa. Exploratory factor analysis with polychoric correlation and ordered probit estimation technique for panel data are used in the inferential analysis. The vulnerability of the dependent variable (self-assessed living condition) for heterogeneity problem is shown using Random effects generalized ordered probit model with auto fit procedure. This study found that government futility in provision of basic needs and basic security, and in handling of critical economic issues, in which individuals are facing in their day to day life, deteriorates the living condition of individuals in Sub-Saharan Africa. This result, convincingly, demonstrates the ineptitude of those governments in Sub-Saharan Africa, which are mostly characterized by being bureaucratic, undemocratic, unaccountable, full of violence and debauched, and hence makes the life of their citizens unsafe and meagre. The result also shows that being literate the individuals are, the higher the probability of living in good condition compared to those who are illiterate. Hence, those governments should focus on their policies and implementation, which helps to enhance the living condition of individuals through provision of basic needs and basic security, and better treatment of economic issues including unemployment, access to basic services, infrastructure, and income inequality.
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