织机:基于交换机的云负载均衡器与压缩状态

Jiao Zhang, Yuxuan Gao, Shubo Wen, Tian Pan, Tao Huang
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引用次数: 1

摘要

第4层负载平衡器在大型数据中心中起着至关重要的作用。近年来,在可编程交换机上实现的负载均衡器由于克服了专用负载均衡器的不灵活性和软件负载均衡器的高延迟性而备受关注。但是,保持每个连接的状态很容易导致存储耗尽,特别是在资源耗尽攻击下。尽管提出了几个无状态负载平衡器来解决这个问题,但状态管理的负担被转移到了后端服务器上,导致了高昂的部署和运行成本。本文提出了一种面向大型数据中心的压缩状态负载均衡器Loom。首先,我们提出了一种新的基于分类器的负载均衡器思想,以避免直接维护每个连接的状态。然后,提出了一种循环布隆滤波器结构,可以有效地对连接进行分类,并在现有的可编程开关上实现。理论分析表明,与直接存储5元组的连接相比,Loom可以多维护11 ~ 30倍的并发连接。在硬件P4交换机上实现了织机,实验结果表明,织机可以维持11 ~ 29倍的并发连接,与理论结果接近。此外,Loom可以抵抗资源耗尽攻击,在SYN flood的情况下,可以减少高达57%的连接断开率。
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Loom: Switch-based Cloud Load Balancer with Compressed States
Layer-4 load balancers play a critical role in large-scale data centers. Recently, load balancers implemented on programmable switches have attracted much attention since they overcome the inflexibility of dedicated load balancers and high latency of software load balancers. However, keeping per-connection state easily leads to storage exhaustion, especially under resource exhaustion attacks. Although several stateless load balancers are proposed to address this issue, the state management burden is offloaded to backend servers, causing high deployment and running costs. In this paper, a load balancer called Loom with compressed states is proposed for large-scale data centers. Firstly, we propose a novel classifier-based load balancer idea to avoid directly maintaining per-connection state. Then, a circulating Bloom filter structure is proposed that can efficiently classify connections as well as be implemented on existing programmable switches. Theoretical analysis shows that Loom can maintain 11 ~ 30x more concurrent connections than those directly storing the 5-tuple of connections. Loom is implemented in hardware P4 switches and experimental results indicate that 11 ~ 29x more concurrent connections can be maintained in Loom, which is close to the theoretical results. Besides, Loom is resistant to resource exhaustion attacks and reduces the percentage of broken connections by up to 57% with an SYN flood.
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