Prevalence of eating out and its association with overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Hebei Province

Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of eating out among children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Hebei Province, and to explore the association between eating out and overweight/obesity. Methods Data came from Children and Nurse Nutrition Health Monitoring of China during 2016-2017. Questionnaire surveys and anthropometric measures was conducted among 3 330 children aged 6-17 in 12 survey sites. Multivariate Logistics stepwise regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of eating out and the relationship between eating out and overweight/obesity. Results The proportion of eating out was 16.19%, and the rate of overweight and obesity was 29.43%. Multivariate analysis showed that the older children (junior high school students: OR = 1.36; high school students: OR = 3.57, both P<0.05) and adolescents from high-income families (10 000~<20 000 CNY: OR = 1.48; ≥20 000 CNY: OR = 2.93, both P<0.05) were more likely to eat out. Children and adolescents living in rural areas ( OR = 0.20, P<0.01), non-only-child ( OR = 0.76, P = 0.02), day school students ( OR = 0.21, P<0.01), and the primary caregivers of the elderly ( OR = 0.69, P = 0.03) were less likely to eat out. In addition, eating out was statistically associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity ( OR = 1.31, P<0.01). Conclusion Eating out is common among children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Hebei Province. Residency, age, household income, one-child family, boarding and and eating out behaviors of primary caregivers are associated with eating out among children and adolescents. Eating out may increase the risk of overweight/obesity in children. 【摘要】 目的 分析河北省 6~17 岁儿童青少年在外就餐现状及其与超重肥胖的关系, 为指导儿童青少年建立健康的饮 食习惯和遏制肥胖流行趋势提供参考。 方法 调査数据来自 2016—2017 年中国儿童与乳母营养健康状况监测, 通过问卷 调査和体格检査收集河北省 12 个监测点 3 330 名 6~17 岁儿童青少年最近 1 周的就餐情况、家庭基本情况和体检信息等 资料。采用多因素 Logistic 逐步回归的方法, 对调査对象在外就餐情况, 在外就餐影响因素及与超重肥胖的关系进行分析。 结果 河北省 6~17 岁儿童青少年在外就餐率为 16.19%, 超重肥胖率为 29.43%。多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示, 年龄较大 (初中生： OR = 1.36, 髙中生 OR = 3.57, P 值均<0.05) 和家庭人均收人髙的儿童青少年 (1~ <2 万元: OR = 1.48, ≥2 万元: OR = 2.93, P 值均<0.05) 在外就餐的可能性更髙;居住地为农村 ( OR = 0.20)、非独生子女 ( OR = 0.76)、走读生 ( OR = 0.21) 以及 主要抚养人为老人的儿童青少年 ( OR = 0.69) 在外就餐的可能性更低 ( P 值均<0.05)。在外就餐与超重肥胖风险增髙存在 统计学关联 ( OR = 1.31, P<0.01)。 结论 河北省 6~17 岁儿童青少年在外就餐现象较为普遍。居住地、年龄段、人均年收 人、是否为独生子女、是否住校、主要抚养人是在外就餐的相关因素, 在外就餐可能会增加儿童青少年超重肥胖的风险。