Applying categories of H.V.F. Hegel’s philosophy for cultural study of soviet cinematography of the 20-30's of the 20th century

The article compares the filmmaking of S. Eisenstein and O. Dovzhenko, from the point of view of Hegelian concepts, including the modern understanding of concrete and abstract unity. The work revealed the cultural content of Hegel's concepts "spirit of the people", "spirit of the time" and "spirit of the world", "progress" and "freedom", as well as the modern understanding of Hegel's dialectics. The work offers a cinematic context of Hegel's concrete and abstract unity. According to our conclusion, the philosophical context of O. Dovzhenko's filmmaking has fundamental differences from the cinema of S. Eisenstein's school. We came to the conclusion that the philosophy of O. Dovzhenko's films offers the meanings of abstract unity, which determine the evolutionary development of society, with the help of the institution of individual freedom. At the same time, the cinema of the Eisenstein school is limited to a concrete Hegelian unity, which aims to mythologize a certain historical period according to the patterns of Soviet propaganda.