电磁场和自身免疫性疾病

P. Boscolo
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摘要

导论:实验研究表明,电磁场(emf)改变血单核细胞膜上的离子钙通量,诱导代谢和表面标志物表达的变化。也有证据表明,在暴露于物理、化学或生物有害物质或感知压力情况后,具有遗传易感性的受试者会患上自身免疫性疾病。本系统综述的目的是评估电磁场(emf)对自身免疫性疾病的发生和发展的影响。材料与方法:将1979 - 2013年发表在科学期刊上的所有论文纳入系统评价。本研究以电磁场、免疫反应、自身免疫、系统性红斑狼疮为关键词,共纳入37项研究。结果:有明确的证据表明,暴露于无线电电视广播站、雷达或电产生的电磁场会引起循环免疫细胞的数量和百分比以及免疫反应的变化(在生理范围内)。对老鼠的实验研究表明,暴露在电中会引起与压力相似的代谢效应。住在高压电线附近的女性褪黑素分泌减少,与夜班工人一样。与手机通话时间较长的员工在压力情况下血清TSH(甲状腺代谢增加指数)水平较低。讨论:已经证明,暴露于电磁场的生物体有能量吸收;电磁场的影响(对免疫和神经系统的影响更大)与压力刺激引起的影响相似。我们认为,在遗传易感的受试者中,组织对电磁场的适应可能会刺激自身免疫性疾病的发生和进展。
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Electromagnetic fields and autoimmune diseases
Introduction: experimental studies demonstrated that electromagnetic fields (EMFs) modify ion calcium fluxes in the membranes of blood mononuclear cells and induce changes in metabolism and surface marker expression. There is also evidence of autoimmune diseases in subjects with genetic predisposition, following exposure to physical, chemical or biological noxious agents or perception of stressful situations. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on onset and progression of autoimmune diseases. Materials and Methods: all papers published in scientific journal from 1979 to 2013 were examined for inclusion in the systematic review. The research was conducted using the following key-words: electromagnetic fields, immune response, autoimmunity, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. 37 studies were included in this article. Results: there is clear evidence that exposure to EMFs produced by radiotelevision broadcasting stations, radars, or electricity induces changes (within the physiological range) in number and percentage of circulating immune cells as well as in the immune response. Experimental studies on rats demonstrated that exposure to electricity induces metabolic effects similar to those of stress. Women resident near high power lines showed reduced melatonin production as in workers performing stressful night shifts. Employees with prolonged conversation time on mobile phone showed lower levels of serum TSH (index of increased thyroid metabolism) as in situations of stress. Discussion: it is demonstrated that there is absorption of energy in organisms exposed to EMFs; the effects of the EMFs (more elevated on the immune and nervous systems) are similar to those induced by stress stimulations. We suggest that the adaptation of tissues to the EMFs, in genetically predisposed subjects, may stimulate the onset and progression of autoimmune diseases.
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