Pathology of Nonneoplastic Lesions of the Vocal Folds

Nonneoplastic vocal fold lesions are common that can cause hoarseness and voice change. Reactive lesions of Reinke’s space can be observed in all ages and genders and comprise the majority of the benign nonneoplastic vocal fold lesions. Although clinically different terms are used to define reactive lesions of Reinke’s space, they share the same histopathologic features. In order to differentiate vocal fold polyp and nodule and Reinke’s edema, clinical findings should be considered. Epithelial changes such as pseudoepitheliomatous and verrucous hyperplasia may cause diagnostic challenge due to resemblance of squamous cell carcinoma. Evaluation of the invasion border and cellular atypia may aid in correct diagnosis.