即兴伦理?在津巴布韦做田野工作时所面临的挑战的合作的民族志

F. Maunganidze, S. Ruggunan
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摘要

在设计符合伦理的研究时,学者们面临着许多挑战。例如,这些问题包括同意、保密以及如何向参与者提供反馈。然而,对于在南非大学注册的非南非研究人员,特别是津巴布韦博士生,在进行实地研究时如何应对伦理困境,人们知之甚少。鉴于在南非的津巴布韦博士生人数众多,这一差距尤其令人担忧。本文提出了以下问题:(1)在南非大学接受监督的同时,津巴布韦博士生在津巴布韦进行实地考察时遇到了哪些挑战?(2)如何缓解这些挑战?在回答这些问题时,本文使用了一种协作的自我民族志方法来实证地论证其论点。这篇论文认为,南非的高等教育机构有责任确保其学生的研究诚信,即使这些学生在南非境外进行实地考察。我们注意到,在正式的合乎道德的行政程序和实际发生的情况之间经常存在脱节。潜在的解决方案是增加学生和导师在这些背景下监督和做研究的自主权和即兴发挥。
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Improvising Ethics? A Collaborative Autoethnographic Account of the Challenges Faced when doing Fieldwork in Zimbabwe
There are many challenges faced by scholars when designing research that is ethically compliant. These include issues of consent, confidentiality, and how to give feedback to participants, for example. However less is known about how non-South African researchers, specifically Zimbabwean doctoral students, navigate ethical dilemmas when conducting their fieldwork whilst being registered in South African universities. This gap is especially concerning given the high number of Zimbabwean doctoral students in South Africa. This paper poses the following questions: (1) What are the challenges encountered by a Zimbabwean doctoral student doing fieldwork in Zimbabwe whilst being supervised in a South African university? (2) How can these challenges be mitigated? In answering these questions, the paper uses a collaborative autoethnographic approach to empirically ground its arguments. The paper argues that South Africa’s higher education institutions have a duty to ensure research integrity of its students even if those students are conducting fieldwork outside South African borders. We observe that there is often a disconnect between formal ethical administrative processes and what actually happens on the ground. Potential solutions are to increase the autonomy and improvisation of students and supervisors in overseeing and doing research in these contexts.
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