数字考古学来了(已经有一段时间了)

A. Costopoulos
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引用次数: 26

摘要

我不想再谈数字考古了。我想继续用数字技术研究考古。这就是《数字考古前沿》的内容。我赞同(Morgan and Eve, 2012;第523页)“我们都是数字考古学家”的说法。这种说法看起来很激进,但实际上是对一种正常状态的世俗承认,这种正常状态已经存在了至少20年,并且描述了至少40年来考古社区的一个重要部分。数字考古现实的证据在我们周围比比皆是,包括该学科的数据收集和整理(Roosevelt等人,2015年)、分析(主要通过GIS,参见Conolly和Lake(2006年))、可视化(在Stanco等人(2011年)的工作和详细阐述)、公众宣传和参与(理查森,2013年)以及培训方法。关于成为数字考古学家意味着什么的思考正在进行中[Evans和Daly(2006)以及在此基础上开展的工作]。也许,最好的证据是考古学博客在推动结果的传播和解释方面的日益突出(参见科琳·摩根(Colleen Morgan)的middlesavagery或约翰·霍克斯(John Hawks)的博客,了解该学科不同领域的著名例子)。在这篇第一篇社论中,我想为这个杂志奠定基础,使它成为一个主要从事数字考古工作的地方,而不是一个讨论数字考古的地方。在社会科学和人文科学中,我们有一种不幸的倾向,即把方法和工具变成研究对象(从字面上看,我们把它们本质化了),并围绕它们组织对话。关于使用新的数字工具对其他领域的影响,人们进行了有意义的、甚至是沉重的讨论。我们将在这本日记中进行这些对话。但在其他领域的这些对话往往会促进而不是阻碍诸如Genbank1和arXiv.2之类的东西的建立这些对话非常有成效,但它们比我觉得迄今为止在考古学中更专注、更以结果为导向。我必须承认,在我参加的关于考古学的数字化转变、公共档案的建立、社区地理信息系统等许多毫无成果的会议上,我对公共开支感到有点尴尬,到目前为止,我认为这些会议收效甚微。其中一些会议的碳足迹肯定是惊人的。所有合适的人都出席了会议(我的意思是真诚的),所有合适的事情都说了,所有合适的焦虑都被发泄了出来,所有合适的权威都被引用了。但我认为,从结果来看,迄今为止的花费是不合理的。
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Digital Archeology Is Here (and Has Been for a While)
I want to stop talking about digital archeology. I want to continue doing archeology digitally. This is what Frontiers in Digital Archaeology is about. I echo (Morgan and Eve, 2012; p. 523) the statement that “we are all digital archaeologists.” This statement wants to be radical but is in fact a mundane recognition of a state of normality that has existed for at least 20 years and has described a significant segment of the archeological community for at least 40 years. Evidence of the reality of digital archeology is all around us in the discipline’s data collection and curation (Roosevelt et al., 2015), analysis [mainly through GIS, see Conolly and Lake (2006)], visualization [work in and elaborating on Stanco et al. (2011), among others], public outreach and participation (Richardson, 2013), and training methods. The reflection on what it means to be a digital archeologist is ongoing [Evans and Daly (2006) and work that builds on it]. Perhaps, the best evidence is the growing prominence of archeology blogs in driving the dissemination and interpretation of results (see Colleen Morgan’s middlesavagery or John Hawks’ weblog for notable examples in very different regions of the discipline). In this first editorial, I would like to lay the groundwork for the journal as a place primarily to do archeology digitally, rather than as a place to discuss digital archeology. In the social sciences and humanities, we have an unfortunate tendency to make approaches and tools into objects of study (literally, we essentialize them) and to organize the conversation around them. There are meaningful and even heavy conversations about the implications in other fields of the use of new digital tools. We will have those conversations in this journal. But those conversations in other fields have tended to facilitate rather than impede the setting up of things, such as Genbank1 and arXiv.2 Those conversations have been immensely productive, but they have been more focused and results oriented than I feel they have been so far in archeology. I must admit that I am a bit embarrassed at the public expense involved in the numerous rather sterile meetings in which I have participated about the digital turn in archeology and the setting up of public archives, community GIS, etc., for what so far I consider very little result. The carbon footprint of some of these meetings must have been stupendous. All the right people were at the table (I mean that sincerely), all the right things were said, all the right anxieties were aired out, and all the right authorities were cited. But I do not think the expense so far has been justified by the outcomes.
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