硫化氢环境下产品管道的修复技术

Z. Mukhametzyanov
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摘要

介绍。本文讨论了硫化氢饱和管道材料的改进修复技术,该技术应取代忽视硫化氢环境下操作特征的传统修复方法。这项工作的目的是开发一种技术,用于修复在硫化氢环境中运行的管道,通过使用可消耗电极进行手工电弧焊。材料和方法。为了实现目标,进行了全面的实验。选取一段在炼油厂加氢裂化装置硫化氢环境下使用寿命约为10年的工业管道作为试验样本。利用电加热装置进行脱气,即从修复区域的金属中去除扩散原子氢。用手工弧焊在管道边缘堆焊一层奥氏体或铁素体金属。目前开发的修复硫化氢环境下的管道的技术是使用可消耗电极进行手工电弧焊,包括除气和在边缘上堆焊与母材成分相同的金属。在这里,堆焊的积极作用在于使金属熔体中的非金属夹杂物分布得更细,并使它们的形状和化学成分发生了有利的变化。考虑到输送产品的特性及其对焊接过程的影响,提高了工业管道焊接修复技术的效率。在开发硫化氢环境下运行的工业管道焊接技术时,确定了管道金属初步脱气、初步堆焊、管道边缘热处理等基本措施。
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REPAIR TECHNOLOGY OF PRODUCT PIPELINES OPERATED IN A HYDROGEN SULFIDE ENVIRONMENT
Introduction. The article discusses the improved repair technologies of pipeline material saturated with hydrogen sulfide, which should replace conventional repair methods that ignore operational features in a hydrogen sulfide environment.The aim of this work is to develop a technology for repairing pipelines operated in a hydrogen sulfide environment by manual arc welding using a consumable electrode.Materials and methods. Full-scale experiments were carried out to achieve the goals. A section of an industrial pipeline was selected as a test sample, whose service life in a hydrogen sulfide environment at the hydrocracking unit of an oil refinery equals about 10 years. Degassing, i.e., the removal of diffusion atomic hydrogen from the metal in the repairing area, was carried out using electric heating devices. The surfacing of the pipe edges using a layer of austenitic or ferritic metal was carried out by manual arc welding.Results. The developed technology for repairing pipelines operated in a hydrogen sulfide environment by manual arc welding using a consumable electrode involves degassing and surfacing the edges with metal having the same composition as the parent material. Here, the positive effect of surfacing lies in the fine distribution of non-metallic inclusions in the remolten metal and a favorable change in their shape and chemical composition.Conclusions. The efficiency of the repair technology of industrial pipelines using welding is achieved by taking into account the properties of a transported product and its influence on the welding process. When developing the welding technology of industrial pipelines operated in the hydrogen sulfide environment, such basic measures as preliminary degassing of pipe metal, preliminary surfacing, and heat treatment of pipe edges are substantiated.
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