微波对溶胶-凝胶合成及其氧化纳米结构性能的影响

L. Predoana, Dániel Karajz, V. Odhiambo, I. Stanciu, I. Szilágyi, G. Pokol, M. Zaharescu
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在液相化学方法中,溶胶-凝胶技术是制备纯或掺杂金属氧化物薄膜或粉末的一种通用而高效的方法,具有均匀性高、可大量引入掺杂剂、加工温度低和化学计量控制等优点。将溶胶-凝胶(SG)法与超声(US)或微波(MW)的作用相结合,改进了溶胶-凝胶法。微波辅助溶胶-凝胶法最常用于获得纳米晶,单分散的氧化物纳米颗粒,或将非晶态凝胶转化为结晶良好的纳米粉末。微波对溶液中溶胶-凝胶反应的影响研究较少。使用微波辅助的溶胶-凝胶制备的好处很大程度上取决于所使用的试剂和所研究体系的组成。在本章中,讨论了微波对溶胶-凝胶合成过程中发生的化学反应的影响以及对所得样品性质的影响。
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Influence of the Microwaves on the Sol-Gel Syntheses and on the Properties of the Resulting Oxide Nanostructures
Among the chemical methods in the liquid phase, the sol–gel technique is a versatile and efficient method for pure or doped metal oxide films or powders preparation, showing some advantages over other preparation techniques (high homogeneity, the possibility to introducing dopants in large amount, low processing temperature and control over the stoichiometry). Combining the sol–gel (SG)method with the effect of ultrasounds(US) or microwaves (MW) leads to improving the sol–gel procedure. The microwave-assisted sol–gel method is most frequently used for obtaining nanocrystalline, monodispersed oxide nanoparticles, or to transform amorphous gels into well-crystallized nanopowders. Less studied is the influence of the microwaves on the sol–gel reactions in solutions. The benefit of using microwave-assisted sol–gel preparation highly depends on the reagents used and on the composition of the studied systems. In the present chapter, results on the influence of the microwaves on the chemical reactions that take place during the sol–gel synthesis and on the properties of the resulted samples are discussed.
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