工业企业综合安全状况评价研究

E. Gvozdev, Y. Matvienko
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摘要

介绍。本文提出了一种系统描述的、一致的算法,用于评估被归类为危险生产设施的工业企业的综合安全状态。选择一种方法进行研究,该方法可以计算估计措施的权重系数,该方法的实施由履行劳动职能的服务(结构部门)提供,以维持所考虑的企业的综合安全系统在所需的水平。目标和目的。本文的主要目的是在危险(事故或火灾)发生的情况下,确定危害的原因,这些危险(事故或火灾)涉及作为企业复杂安全性一部分的两个或多个部门(行业)安全子系统。减少工业企业的危险(事故和火灾)是以资源投资为代价的,其目的是尽量减少(排除)可能转变为事故或火灾的危险事件发生的条件(先决条件)。但是,由于企业为保证其综合安全所分配的资源有限,因此需要识别风险指标高(临界)的地方(点),并要求及时响应。建议对企业工业安全检查和消防安全检查清单内容中包含的每个事件进行规范化。方法。层次分析法的选择是合理的,它的使用基于对因素和备选方案的两两比较,使我们能够确定所研究的每个元素的本地优先级指标。结果和讨论。本文以详细描述的形式介绍了顺序操作的算法,允许您为每个事件设置以定量值的形式度量的指示器。结论。以不完整的形式给出了一个例子,显示了获得局部和全局优先级的顺序和顺序,其中局部优先级的定义表明了导致危险(事故和火灾)的特征描述事件的权重。以全局优先级的形式获得权重因子,直接关系到履行劳动职能的服务(结构部门)将企业的综合安全系统维持在所需的水平。关键词:复杂安全,层次分析,因素,评价指标,专家,一致性比。
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On the assessment of the state of integrated security of industrial enterprises
Introduction. The article presents a methodically described, consistent algorithm for assessing the state of integrated safety of industrial enterprises that are classified as hazardous production facilities. A study was conducted in choosing a method that allows calculating the weighting coefficients of the estimated measures, the implementation of which is provided by services (structural divisions) performing labor functions to maintain the integrated security system of the enterprises under consideration at the required level. Goals and objectives. The main purpose of the article is to identify the causes of hazards in cases when the danger (accident or fire) occurs with the coverage of two or more departmental (industry) security subsystems that are part of the complex security of the enterprise. Reduction of hazards (accidents and fires) at industrial enterprises is carried out at the expense of resource investments directed to minimize (exclude) the conditions (prerequisites) for the occurrence of risky events that can be transformed into accidents or fires. However, due to the limitations of the resource allocated by the enterprise to ensure its comprehensive security, there is a need to identify those places (points) whose risk indicator is high (critical), requiring a response to them without delay. It is proposed to normalize each event included in the content of the checklist for checking the enterprise for both industrial and fire safety. Methods. The choice of the hierarchy analysis method is justified, the use of which, based on a pairwise comparison of factors and alternatives, allows us to determine a local priority indicator for each element under study. Results and their discussion. The algorithm of sequential actions presented in the article in the form of a detailed description allows you to set an indicator measured in the form of a quantitative value for each event held. Conclusions. An example is presented in a fragmentary form showing the order and sequence of obtaining local and global priorities, where the definition of local priorities indicates the weight of a characteristically described event that caused a hazard (accident and fire). Obtaining weighting factors in the form of global priorities is directly related to the services (structural divisions) performing labor functions to maintain the enterprise's integrated security system at the required level. Key words: complex security, hierarchy analysis, factor, evaluation indicator, expert, consistency ratio.
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