Speed Control of DC Motor Using Improved Sine Cosine Algorithm Based PID Controller

Direct current (DC) motors that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy are used in almost every field of industry. Therefore, speed control of DC motor is very important and for this purpose generally proportional + integral + derivative (PID) controllers are preferred. In this study, it is aimed to improve the speed response of DC motor by designing a PID controller tuned by improved sine cosine algorithm (ISCA), namely the ISCA-PID controller. Unlike the original SCA and other meta-heuristic algorithms, the ISCA technique has balanced exploration and exploitation processes. The performance of the proposed ISCA-PID controller was compared with two current approaches in the literature in terms of transient response, frequency response and disturbance load response analyzes. The results of these analyzes confirmed the stability of the proposed ISCA-PID controller and its success in suppressing the disturbance loads.