Assessment of the association of the adiponectin gene single-nucleotide polymorphism 45T/G with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Egyptian diabetic patients

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common multifactorial genetic disease. Adiponectin is a hormone produced solely by adipocytes and is a regulator of glucose and energy homeostasis. A number of genes and polymorphisms have been reproducibly associated with T2DM in a variety of studies. The gene ADIPOQ, encoding adiponectin, was found to be the main locus contributing to variations in adiponectin serum levels. Objective The aim of the work was to investigate the association between single-nucleotide polymorphism in exon 2 (45T/G) of the adiponectin gene with serum adiponectin level, and the occurrence of T2DM, which could allow proper management and genetic counseling for the high-risk carrier. Patients and methods The study included 40 patients with T2DM and 40 normal individuals with no family history of diabetes mellitus. BMI, serum fasting and postprandial glucose, lipid profile, fasting insulin, and adiponectin were measured. Molecular study for adiponectin 45T/G gene polymorphism was carried out. Results There was no statistically significant difference found when either genotype or allele frequencies were compared between the two groups. Conclusion Single-nucleotide polymorphism 45T/G of adiponectin gene was not associated with T2DM.