A Comparative Analysis of Two Dielectric Nanostructures to Enhance Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) solar cells (PSCs) have recently been invented due to their desirable characteristics such as high absorption, low cost, ease of fabrication, and rapidly improving efficiencies. In recent years, the effectiveness of organometallic halide perovskite as an absorber layer has already surpassed 20%. Dielectric nanostructures are being considered as a possible option for third generation photovoltaics, such as PSCs, due to lower losses and simpler fabrication. Dielectric nanostructured antireflection coatings, on the other hand, have recently emerged as a method for reducing reflection and improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of a thin-film absorber that was previously inefficient. In this research, two different types of nanostructures are used on the perovskite absorber layer that reduced light reflection and enhanced the power absorption, short-circuit current, and efficiency of the solar cells. Furthermore, as demonstrated how changing the nanostructure size has an effect on the absorption enhancement. Utilizing the finite difference time domain (FDTD) and coupled optical-electrical models, the proposed optimum nanostructures exhibit greater than 90% power absorption, with the maximum enhanced photocurrent. Total photocurrent increased by 17-20% compared to conventional planar PSCs, with a maximum PCE of 16.78%, representing 37% enhancement throughout the entire wavelength range.