重温2015:场理论视角下的传统主流媒体伦理失范研究——以《新京报》外滩踩踏事件报道为例

Jing Ran, Wu Yulan
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摘要

新闻工作者既是社会公德的践行者和示范者,也是作为社会价值的媒体伦理的传播者和引导者。通过对《2013-2020年媒体伦理研究报告》的内容分析发现,2015年媒体伦理失范的主体、原则、问题、内容、形式等指标首次出现较大波动。探究其变化逻辑,我们可以看到,传媒伦理失范不仅受到自身专业建设的控制,还受到政治、经济、社会、文化等多重因素的控制。布迪厄的场理论通过研究主体关注宏观社会背景与个体之间的关系。本文以场域理论为研究视角,以2015年引发媒体伦理讨论的《新京报》外滩踩踏事件报道为研究案例,从宏观角度探讨在复杂的新闻场域中,2015年前后媒体伦理问题各指标的变化逻辑,即当媒体无法及时观察和反思场域变化及相应的资本获取和损失时,缺乏专业素质、偏离功能导向、脱离文化价值的新闻实践仍然依靠习惯,容易引发影响媒体公信力和社会和谐的媒体伦理事件,以期为媒体伦理失范提供治理参考。
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Revisit 2015: Research on Ethical Anomie of Traditional Mainstream Media from the Perspective of Field Theory —Take the Beijing News Report on the Stampede on the Bund as an Example
: Journalists are not only practitioners and demonstrators of social morality, but also disseminators and guides of media ethics as social values. Through the content analysis of the 2013-2020 Media Ethics Research Report, it is found that the indicators such as the subject, principle, problems, content and form of media ethics anomie have fluctuated greatly for the first time in 2015. Exploring the change logic, we can see that the media ethics anomie is not only under the control of its own professional construction, but also under the multiple control of politics, economy, society and culture. Bourdieu’s field theory focuses on the relationship between macro social background and individuals through the research subject. This paper takes the field theory as the research perspective, and the Bund stampede report of the Beijing News , which triggered the discussion on media ethics in 2015, as the research case, to explore the change logic of various indicators of media ethics issues around 2015 from a macro perspective in the complex news field, that is, when the media cannot timely observe and reflect on the field change and the corresponding capital acquisition and loss, It is easy to cause media ethics events that affect the credibility of the media and social harmony by still relying on habits to carry out news practice that lacks professional quality, deviates from functional orientation, and separates from cultural values, with a view to providing governance reference for media ethics anomie.
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