在包容性条件下培养未来教育专业人才的问题

Віталій Донець, Державна реабілітаційна установа Цкрд «Промінь»
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文论述了在包容条件下培养未来教育专业专家的特点,以及在这种情况下出现的问题。在科学资料分析的基础上,本研究发现全纳教育实施过程中最常见的不足包括缺乏专业人员在全纳教育环境中从事专业活动的培训,缺乏能够提供心理包容培训的高素质专家,以及教师不愿意与有特殊需要的儿童一起工作。分析了国外引进包容性教育的经验和改进中等教育的方向。国外学者认为,包容的主要问题是增加了教师的心理和情感负担,从而导致教师早期职业倦怠。国内外研究者都认为,在专业培训阶段,教师对特殊需要儿童工作的专业准备的形成是解决上述问题的关键。因此,得出的结论是,有必要在形成准备在包容条件下工作的方向上,改善未来教学专业雇员的专业培训过程。对这一领域的研究进行了分析,指出了它们的优缺点。进一步研究的前景是发展一种组织和结构模式,并提供适当的方法支持,以使未来的教学专业专家做好准备,与残疾儿童一起工作。
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The Problem of Preparation of Future Specialists of Pedagogical Specialties to Work in Conditions of Inclusion
The article deals with the peculiarities of preparation of future specialists of pedagogical specialties to work in the conditions of inclusion and the problems that arise in this case. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, it was found that the most common shortcomings in the process of implementation of inclusive education include the lack of training of professionals to engage in professional activities in an inclusive educational environment, the lack of highly qualified specialists who are able to provide training in psycho-inclusion, as well as teachers' unwillingness to work with children with special needs. The foreign experience of introduction of inclusion and directions of improvement of secondary education are analyzed. Foreign scholars see the main problem of inclusion as increasing the psycho-emotional burden on the teacher and, as a consequence, his early professional burnout. Both domestic and foreign researchers see the solution of the outlined problems in forming the teacher's professional readiness to work with children with special needs during the professional training stage. Accordingly, it was concluded that it is necessary to improve the process of professional training of future employees of pedagogical specialties in the direction of forming readiness to work in the conditions of inclusion. Studies in this area were also analyzed, their advantages and disadvantages identified. Prospects for further research are the development of an organizational and structural model and appropriate methodological support for the formation of the readiness of future specialists of pedagogical specialties to work with children with disabilities.
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