Smart Grid based Mitigation of Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Various Sectors -A Survey

Global warming and air pollution are the two main effects of rising carbon dioxide emissions. Additionally, the quick depletion of the world's petroleum reserves continues to harm both the environment and people. principally, industrial, building, electrical, and transportation are the major polluting sectors leading to ozone layer damage. Using non-renewable sources such as fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gases are burned increases CO2 emission and utilization. Greenhouse gases effect, CO2 emissions, and critical changes in climatic conditions increase on a day-to-day basis. For environmental sustainability, the current focus has been on reducing CO2 emissions and mitigating the causes of such emissions. There has not been much attention given to the environmental rebound effect (ERE) approach which concentrates on efficiency enhancements and indicators that go beyond energy to multiple environmental concerns. There are many techniques and methods to overcome carbon dioxide emissions. This paper reviews the causes and remedies (photovoltaic, precooling, usage of renewable sources, and sustainable energy technologies) for mitigating CO2 emissions in various sectors.