马克思主义与新唯物主义

S. Newman
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摘要

当前位置唯物主义认为,自然界的实体是单一多变的事物的表现,因此不存在生命或精神的超自然属性。这一观点在哲学上时兴不定,但一直是马克思主义的原则。最近的一项哲学创举,新唯物主义,用“平面本体论”代替了马克思主义的自然辩证法,同时否认了生命系统的特殊性,贬低了人类的能动性。这些哲学家的典型策略是通过歪曲马克思主义,将他们的主动性与马克思主义分离开来。
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Marxism and the New Materialism
: Materialism, the idea that nature’s entities are manifestations of single protean thing and that there are thus no supernatural properties of life or mind, has come in and out of fashion in philosophy, but has always been a tenet of Marxism. A recent philosophical initiative, New Materialism, substitutes a “flat ontology” for the Marxist dialectics of nature, simultaneously denying the specificity of living systems and devaluing human agency. A typical stratagem of these philosophers is to separate their initiative from Marxism by misrepresenting the latter.
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