Design and Implementation of Battery Management System for On-Grid System

Battery Management System is an electronic system that manages a rechargeable battery cell or battery pack. The main purpose of a BMS is protecting the battery from operating outside its safe operating area by monitoring its state, calculating secondary data, reporting the data, controlling its environment, authenticating or balancing it. In this research, the authors aim to create a battery management system prototype that will supervise batteries charging using solar panel. Parameters that are monitored by BMS are voltage, current, and temperature. The BMS also has an additional feature which is on-grid system. This feature allows the BMS to maximize the energy usage produced by solar panel. The BMS is created using microcontroller, sensors, and other components including Arduino Mega, temperature sensor, voltage sensor, current sensor, real time clock, relay, multiplexer, and dc fan. The BMS is applied to light street lamp everyday from 06.00 am to 06.00 pm. This BMS has three modes which are charging, discharging, and on-grid mode. Charging mode is when the BMS is used to monitor the battery charging process which last for 5 hours (10.00 am to 03.00 pm). Discharging mode is when the batteries is use to light up the street lamp. Ongrid mode is when the solar panel still able to produce energy beside charging and discharging time.