Organizations in pigeonholes

Discusses organizations and their differing theories, as promoted by managers, but wonders whether they are bewildering to managers who may not know where to start. Posits that there are four potentially different theory categories and these are: inside, outside, individuals, and groups. Uses a Figure to aid in explanation of these four basic aspects of organizations. Concludes there is no such thing as good organization ‐ it is relative ‐ good in one context may also be bad in another.