Correction of ultra wide-band radio frequency interference in SAR data using nonnegative matrix factorization

Radio frequency interference (RFI) is a major issue for synthetic aperture radar (SAR), and would affect the image quality and image interpretation. The majority of existing methods are applied on each azimuth echoes along range direction with the assumption that bandwidth of RFI is less than that of SAR. However, if SAR echoes are contaminated by ultra wide-band RFI, i.e., the bandwidth of RFI is relatively larger than the transmitted signal, traditional methods would fail due to large signal loss. In this paper, we discussed the characteristics of ultra wide-band RFI, and proposed a mitigation method using nonnegative matrix factorization along azimuth direction. The experimental results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method.