Ultrasound imaging of acute scrotum: Pictorial review with etiological correlation

High resolution ultrasound with color Doppler is the first-line imaging investigation in the evaluation of acute scrotum. It plays a crucial role in distinguishing urological emergencies necessitating immediate surgical exploration from those that can be managed conservatively. Acute scrotal pathologies can involve the scrotal sac or its contents like testis, epididymis and testicular appendages and could range from benign, self-limiting conditions to emergencies. In this pictorial essay, we briefly review the ultrasonographic technique, scrotal anatomy and characteristic imaging features of various pathologies presented as acute scrotum.