老化对柚木核果发芽及幼苗活力的影响

S. Venkatesan, P. Masilamani, T. Eevera, P. Janaki, S. Sundareswaran, P. Rajkumar
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摘要

研究了加速老化和自然老化对鲜柚木核仁发芽和幼苗活力的影响。核果进行自然老化和加速老化处理,即对照,在40℃和100% RH下加速老化1至15天,自然老化(在室温下储存)1至15个月。将加速和自然老化的核果放在填沙的陶罐中发芽,并在阳光下保存。试验采用完全随机区组设计,共10个重复。播种后28 d记录发芽率、幼苗数/100核果、初出苗时间、根长、茎长、干物质产量和活力指数。结果表明,加速老化12 d的柚木核仁的发芽率(40.6%)高于对照的8.2%,并且随着加速老化时间的增加(虽然不是很一致),直到12 d,发芽率呈上升趋势,此后发芽率下降。而在自然老化处理中,15个月的核果发芽率最高,为29.2%。在自然贮藏条件下,核果的发芽率随贮藏时间的延长而增加。结果表明,与将柚木核果贮藏一段时间使其自然解除休眠相比,12天的加速老化可以提高柚木核果的萌发率和幼苗活力。
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Effect of ageing on germination and seedling vigour of teak (Tectona grandis) drupes
Studies were conducted to find out the influence of accelerated and natural ageing on germination and seedling vigour of fresh teak drupes. The drupes were subjected to the following natural and accelerated ageing treatments viz., control, accelerated ageing for 1 to 15 days at 40oC and 100% RH and naturally ageing (stored at ambient temperature) for 1 to 15 months. The accelerated and natural aged drupes were placed for germination in sand filled earthen pots and kept in sunlight. The experiment was conducted in a Completely Randomized Block Design with ten replications. Germination percentage, number of seedlings/100 drupes, time taken for initial emergence, root length, shoot length, dry matter production and vigour index were recorded 28 days after sowing. The result revealed that the teak drupes subjected to accelerated ageing for 12 days had higher germination (40.6 percent) against 8.2 percent in control and showed an increasing trend with increased period of accelerated ageing (though not very consistently) up to 12 days and thereafter germination was reduced. Whereas in natural ageing treatment, drupes aged 15 months recorded highest germination of 29.2 percent. In natural storage, months after months storage drupes germination was increased. From this study, it could be concluded that instead of storing the drupes over a period of time to natural release of dormancy, 12 days of accelerated ageing enhanced the germination and seedling vigour of teak drupes.
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