Fang Lizhi—The Republic Needs This Kind of Scholar

On the morning of February 27, 1955, in the auditorium of the administration building of Beijing University, the Communist Youth League's (CYL) first Beijing University congress was proceeding according to its prearranged agenda. The physics department general branch secretary was speaking at the podium. Just as he was proposing that the CYL should devote its efforts to fostering idealism among youth, a fresh-faced lad sprang up from the western side of the delegation. He leapt onto the podium and gestured that he wanted to make an impromptu speech. With youthful enthusiasm he assumed the line of discussion begun by the branch secretary. At our CYL congress, he said, the first order of business should be what kind of person we're trying to produce. Do we want guileless, law-abiding bookworms who only repeat what other people say, or do we want patriotic, creative "red experts" with lofty aspirations? Apart from making "A's" in school, shouldn't we also be developing our capacity to think independently?…